Abstract
Nematode survey was carried out in 2019 on wild plants viz., Aeluropus lagopoides (Molleih), Ammophila arenaria (Gazzoof), Cakile maritime (Figl el-gamal), Deverra tortuosa (guezah), Euphorbia paralias (Sakrran), Inula crithmeides (Golden samphire), Lotus polyphyllus (Qam el- gamal or Qrana), Ononis vaginalis (Hotaiba), Pancratium maritimum (Bosseil), Polygonum equisetiforme (Horsetail knotweed), Thymelaea hirsute (Mithnaan), and Zygophyllum album (Ratrayt), colonized the coastal sand dunes habitat of mersa matruh, Egypt. specimens of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) were collected from rhizosphere soil of D. tortuosa Synonym: Pituranthos tortuosus (Desf.) Benth. & Hook f. Asch. & Schweinf herb (family: Apiaceae, old family: Umbelliferae). Root-lesion nematode was identified based on morphological characteristics of females. According to available literature, this is the first report of Pratylenchus on wild plant (D. tortuosa) growing in Egypt. More surveys are needed to identify other genera or species of phytonematodes that might occur in Egypt, including weeds, grasses and wild plants in desert areas, also the dissemination of lesion nematode must be explored as well as other plant-parasitic nematodes and it is advisable to investigate the nearby cultivated plants.
Highlights
In Egypt, phytoparasitic nematodes have been recorded when Preyer (1901) reported, in Alexandria, a nematode disorder of banana
Because of few surveys were accomplished in Egyptian desert areas, the aim of this work was to check out the occurrence and biodiversity of phytonematode fauna associated with wild plants colonized Mediterranean coastal sand dunes of Mersa Matruh
In Nile Delta of Egypt by Oteifa (1962), stated that Pratylenchus is not confined to particular plants or determined ecosystem and this species can acclimate to some hosts better than others, so decidedness of each species must be recognized to expect its hosts
Summary
In Egypt, phytoparasitic nematodes have been recorded when Preyer (1901) reported, in Alexandria, a nematode disorder of banana. Knowledge respecting the incidence and host plants of plant- parasitic nematodes in Egypt is very necessary, since nematode pathogens, such as root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne), root-lesion (Pratylenchus) and other phytophagous nematodes The root-lesion nematodes occupy the third position after root-knot and cyst nematodes, because they have an economic impact on many crops, their wide host range and their distribution in almost each of cool, temperate and tropical ecosystems. The genus, Pratylenchus includes about 68 valid species of worldwide distribution that parasitize a wide variety of plants (more primitive or less specialized).They are mainly considered migratory endoparasites, causing severe root damage of crops, while their feeding primarily is in the cortical parenchyma. Pratylenchus spp. were assumed to have a hit and-run parasitic behavior, remaining migratory throughout their life cycle. (Castillo and Vovlas, 2007)
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