First Report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Grapevine in Chile

Abstract

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 6First Report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Grapevine in Chile PreviousNext DISEASE NOTESFirst Report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Grapevine in ChileA. Zamorano, G. Medina, C. Fernández, W. Cui, N. Quiroga, and N. FioreA. Zamoranohttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-991XUniversidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, La Pintana, Santiago, ChileSearch for more papers by this author, G. MedinaUniversidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, La Pintana, Santiago, ChileSearch for more papers by this author, C. FernándezUniversidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, La Pintana, Santiago, ChileSearch for more papers by this author, W. CuiUniversidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, La Pintana, Santiago, ChileSearch for more papers by this author, N. QuirogaUniversidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, La Pintana, Santiago, ChileSearch for more papers by this author, and N. Fiore†Corresponding author: N. Fiore; E-mail Address: nfiore@uchile.clhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-6494-2257Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, La Pintana, Santiago, ChileSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations A. Zamorano G. Medina C. Fernández W. Cui N. Quiroga N. Fiore † Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile Published Online:19 Apr 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-18-1855-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat The constantly increasing reports of Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) all around the world was the starting point for the development of a survey of this virus in Chilean vineyards, grapevine being the most important crop in Chile, with approximately 190,000 cultivated hectares for wine and table grape production. The reported symptoms in Italy and other regions were chlorotic mottling, leaf deformation, and stunting (Giampetruzzi et al. 2012); however, GPGV has also been reported in asymptomatic plants worldwide (Saldarelli et al. 2015). During the southern hemisphere spring and summer of 2017, a total of 500 samples of different cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. (Cabernet sauvignon, Merlot, Carmenere, Sauvignon blanc, Chardonnay, and Pinot Noir among others) were surveyed in the main wine producing areas of the central zone of Chile. The plants were analyzed by RT-PCR using two previously described primer pairs: DetF 5′-TGGTCTGCAGCCAGGGGACA-3′/DetR 5′-TCACGACCGGCAGGGAAGGA-3′, amplifying 588 bp of the 3′ end of movement protein (MP) and 5′ beginning of coat protein (CP) genes (Morelli et al. 2014), and GPGV-CP-F2 5′-ATAGCAGTTGAAGGGACCTC-3′/R1 5′-GCCTCTCACTTTCGACATG-3′, which amplify 406 bp of a partial region of CP gene (Angelini et al. 2016). With both primer pairs, GPGV was detected in 15 samples of V. vinifera cv. Grenache, clone 136, all belonging to the same vineyard near Santiago in the Metropolitana region. Other clones of Grenache (clone 434), in the same vineyard, were negative for GPGV analysis. Infected plants showed leaf deformations but no other symptoms related to GPGV infections. Two samples, V9657 and V9688, were selected for sequencing of the MP-CP amplicon (accession nos. MK029342 and MK029341). BLAST showed 98.9% and 99.4% nucleotide identities, respectively, with isolate Tannat from Uruguay (accession no. KR528581). Total RNA from sample V9688 was extracted using Spectrum Plant Total RNA kit (Sigma-Aldrich, MO, U.S.A.). Libraries were constructed using Truseq RNA Library preparation kit and then analyzed by HTS on the Illumina MiSeq platform using Miseq V3/50 cycles kit. The analysis retrieved 1.7 million reads (50 nucleotides long), 300 of which matched GPGV genome reference using BLASTn. Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) and Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV) reads were also found in the sample, but their presence has not been associated with leaf deformations in V. vinifera (Basso et al. 2017). After de novo assembly using CLC genomics workbench v8.01, the generated contigs reached 1,761 nucleotides, covering 24% of the full reference genome (NC_015782) with an average nucleotide identity of 98.7%. To our knowledge, this is the first report of GPGV in Chile. Given the relevance of this detection, the Agriculture and Livestock Service of the Government of Chile is monitoring the presence of the virus in the main grapevine producing areas of Chile, determining the presence of GPGV only in the clone reported in this work. The presence of the virus in a single variety and the elimination of infected plants suggest the possibility of eradicating the pathogen.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.