Abstract
Bovine neosporosis is a parasitic disease of major concern in cattle industry worldwide. Although abortion is the more frequent clinical presentation, sporadic congenital clinical bovine neosporosis has been scarcely reported in newborn calves. Neospora caninum encephalomyelitis was diagnosed in two of 314 newborn calves submitted for necropsy and laboratory analysis between 2000 and 2014. The two new born calves had limb dysfunction, loss of conscious proprioception and ataxia. Protozoal multifocal nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis was observed and diagnosis was confirmed using serology, immunohistochemistry and PCR. This is the first report of clinical congenital neosporosis in calves from Argentina.
Highlights
Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite causing bovine abortion worldwide [1] and its global economic impact has been estimated in over 1 billion dollars [2]
Bovine neosporosis was identified as cause of abortion in the late 80’s [30]
Cycle of parasite and epidemiology progressed quickly applying most methods and techniques previously used in toxoplasmosis [1]
Summary
Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite causing bovine abortion worldwide [1] and its global economic impact has been estimated in over 1 billion dollars [2]. Transplacental transmission occurs efficiently during bovine pregnancy in a chronically N. caninum-infected dam [3]. Bovine postnatal infection occurs by consuming food and/or water contaminated with N. caninum oocysts shed in the feces of the definitive hosts [4]. The total dairy and beef cattle population at risk of abortion was 1,771,326 and 9,726,684 heads, respectively. There may be an 8% risk of experiencing abortion and 16.5 % of them could be due to N. caninum. The overall risk of abortion was estimated to be 4.5%, whereas 6.7% could be due to N. caninum
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