Abstract

In Brazil, Spigelia anthelmia is an herbaceous weedy plant normally used for the treatment of helminths in humans and animals. Leaves and stems of S. anthelmia showing black spots were observed in cities in the Northeast region of Brazil. Two fungal species were isolated from symptomatic tissues. The preliminary identification of the fungal isolates was based on morphological characteristics. To confirm the identification of the isolates, the ITS region and partial sequences of the ACT and GAPDH genes were amplified and sequenced. By using morphological and phylogenetic analyses of multilocus genes, the fungi were identified as Colletotrichum karstii and Colletotrichum siamense. All isolates were pathogenic to S. anthelmia seedlings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. karstii and C. siamense causing anthracnose on S. anthelmia in the world.

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