First observation of <i>Waminoa</i> sp. on <i>Dendronephthya</i> aff. <i>rigida</i>

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Associations between different taxa constitute critical data to recognize ecological symbioses. Acoela flatworms of the genus Waminoa are an overlooked but often present group in coral reef ecosystems. More than 97% of the reports on Waminoa individuals until now have found them on scleractinian coral species, and the relationships between Waminoa species and other potential hosts such as octocorals, which are often large and ecologically important components in coral reefs, are not known well. Here we report the first observation of Waminoa sp. from a species of Dendronephthya, at Zanpa, Okinawa, Japan. We observed three morphotypes on a colony of D. aff. rigida (Studer, 1888), with almost all Waminoa individuals in shaded locations.