Abstract
Livestock associated Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (LA-MRSA) was reported to be zoonotic and may transmit to farmers and veterinarians. The objectives of this study were to investigate the occurrence of LA-MRSA from dairy cattle and to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates. A total of 63 milk and 32 nasal swab samples were randomly collected from dairy cattle. The samples were processed to isolate S. aureus, MRSA and LA-MRSA using both phenotypic and molecular methods using PCR. The confirmed S. aureus isolates were cultured on oxacillin resistant screening agar base (ORSAB) to detect MRSA and the isolates were further confirmed by PCR targeting the mecA gene. Detection of the novel mecA gene, mecC gene was conducted by PCR amplification. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted using disc diffusion method. Results revealed 17/95 (17.89%) and 15/95 (15.79%) were positive for mecA and mecC genes respectively. Out of the 15 mecC positive isolates, 12 were positive for both mecA and mecC. The MRSA isolates showed multidrug resistance. The findings showed high prevalence of mecC-positive LA-MRSA in Malaysia and highlight the public health risks to people that may come in contact with the carrier animals or those who may consume unpasteurized milk products from these animals.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus is a normal inhabitant of the skin and mucous membrane of healthy human and animals
A study by Bardian et al reported that ST398 was as a major M4eth2ic6illin resistant Staphy4l1oc7occus aureus (MRSA) clone in milk from cows affected with bovine mastitis in Belgium The same study reported that this strain of MRSA has been spreading to other farm animals, dairy cattle [7]
The confirmed S. aureus colonies were cultured on oxacillin resistant screening agar base (ORSAB) to screen for MRSA
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus is a normal inhabitant of the skin and mucous membrane of healthy human and animals It can be opportunistic pathogen and causes multiple infectious diseases in humans and animals [1] and the bacteria can spread through air, contaminated surfaces, animals, or human [2]. A highly divergent mecA gene, mecC was found in S. aureus causing bovine mastitis [5] This novel LA-MRSA was first reported from cattle in the UK and Denmark where it was reported to cause human and animal infections. A study by Bardian et al reported that ST398 was as a major MRSA clone in milk from cows affected with bovine mastitis in Belgium The same study reported that this strain of MRSA has been spreading to other farm animals, dairy cattle [7]. High MRSA prevalence in a dairy farm might be attributed to the imprudent usage of antibiotics and perhaps poor intramammary administration of antibiotics in cows affected by mastitis
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