Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to know the main elements of the construction of the professional identity in the first generation of graduated students from the Nursing course in Magallanes, from 1972 to 1976. Method: a historical research study with a qualitative approach, where the five graduated students from the first generation and a woman professor constitute the main source for reconstructing the past through oral thematic history. Data collection was performed by means of a semi-structured interview. The collected data were organized with the help of the Atlas Ti® program, then performing thematic content analysis based on Claude Dubar's concepts on identity types. Results: there are elements present in Dubar's exposition, such as the identities as an individual nurse and as a social nurse, whose constructions actually start prior to the beginning of the academic training in order to shape a new identity through successive reconstruction processes during the whole curricular process; however, in this group the importance of the faculty of that time stands out as a fundamental element in the construction of identities. Conclusion: the importance is evidenced of the identity projected by the professors in charge of the academic, theoretical, practical, and value-related activities, since they will model the identity the students will build when exiting their classrooms, reason why those who direct the training of the future nurses must consider both the historical and social moment of the generation being trained, as well as the competences, values, and own identities of those who train them.
Highlights
The Region of Magallanes, Chile, is located in the Southern end of the American continent, constituting part of the Patagonia, a harsh and isolated region which can only be accessed by sea or by air from the rest of the country
In the respondents’ answers it is observed that, when choosing the Nursing profession, they had a preconception of what these professionals were, motivated by personal experiences and by family situations, where they had to care for other individuals, others in which they were cared for or during their high school studies; their construction occurred based on what the nurses did, rather than on the varied dimensions of development of these professionals, results similar to those obtained in studies on professional identity in Brazil.[9,10]
The objective of the study was to know the elements which contributed to shaping the professional identity in this group of nurses through their memories, coinciding with Claude Dubar’s theoretical reference framework in that it was constructed through various processes of socialization, which was a personal and collective historical process where the importance stands out of image and social status
Summary
The Region of Magallanes, Chile, is located in the Southern end of the American continent, constituting part of the Patagonia, a harsh and isolated region which can only be accessed by sea or by air from the rest of the country. In the 1970s there was an unmet need: undergoing university studies in a health area like Nursing in Magallanes, which, having a house of the State Technical University (Universidad Técnica del Estado, UTE), its academic offer was only related to the fields of Engineering. It was that a group headed by the University rector sets out to create the Nursing course in the South house, after determining that there existed conditions both in terms of infrastructure and of human resources*. In the years 1970-1971, experts in Human Resources training of the UTE, female ProfessorNurses of the Medical School at the University of Chile and the Ministry of Health, among whom was Lidia Vidal**, perform market studies, as well as of students, curricular environment, clinical fields, and health professionals in the region, in order to determine if the efficiency conditions to create the Nursing undergraduate program were met.
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