Abstract
Backcross is a powerful tool in germplasm improvement, which is able to transfer excellent traits from one species to another. Grouper is currently one of the most popular species for aquaculture in Asian. For improving growth rate, in the present study, we firstly constructed interspecific backcross grouper by male hybrid grouper (E. fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂) with female parent E. fuscoguttatus. In addition, the quality and fertility of gametes, skin pattern, growth rate and genetic relationship were analyzed for the backcross grouper and its parents. Moreover, since many grouper species exhibit significant growth differences at juvenile stage, resulting in severe cannibalism, a genome-wide association analysis was performed on the growth traits of backcross juvenile. As results, 4 significantly and 136 suggestively growth-related SNPs were detected. A set of 51 potential candidate genes were identified within the associated QTLs. These genes are not only involved in energy metabolism and development, but also closely related to stress tolerance, immune response and visual perception. The successful construction of interspecific backcross promotes the development of grouper industry and provides valuable breeding population for analyses of interested trait-related markers. The growth-related SNPs and genes contribute to understanding of influence factors about growth difference in juvenile grouper.
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