Finite-time fault detection and reconstruction of permanent magnet synchronous generation wind turbine via sliding mode observer

Abstract

In this study, a method for fault detection of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbine is proposed. The dynamic model of the wind energy conversion system is simulated and the system’s fault is diagnosed using a proposed terminal sliding mode observer (TSMO). The nonlinear state-space equations of the closed-loop wind turbine are derived, which include a robust adaptive controller that is implemented for maximum power capture and a PI controller that is designed for pitch angle control. Then, utilising a new approach, a TSMO is designed for estimating the states and faults in a finite time. The stability and convergence of the states and fault estimation error are investigated via the Lyapunov stability theory. A PMSG wind turbine is simulated and using TSMO the states are estimated and a blade imbalance fault (BIF) fault is detected. The state and fault estimation errors converge to zero in a finite time.