Finite element analysis of the influence of dowel angle on CFRP anchors

Abstract

In current retrofitting design guidelines, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) anchors are recognized as an efficient and minimally invasive approach to delaying delamination. Recent research has demonstrated the capability of Finite Element Method (FEM) models to accurately reproduce the behavior of experimentally tested CFRP anchors. Among the various design parameters of CFRP anchors, the dowel angle is one of the least studied, yet it is a crucial factor. There is limited experimental data available for this parameter and there are no numerical models focused on its influence on anchor behavior. This article reports the results of a comprehensive three-dimensional FEM model for CFRP anchors, with a particular emphasis on varying dowel angles. The model accuracy is verified against direct shear joint tests drawn from the literature, including aspects such as the maximum load, load-slip curves, and the distribution of strains along the CFRP. Subsequently, the model is used to conduct a sensitivity analysis of the dowel angle in conjunction with other important parameters for the design of CFRP anchors. These parameters are the length of the CFRP ply behind the anchor, the number of anchors within the joint, the fiber content, and the depth of the dowel. The results obtained from the modeling show an important influence of the dowel angle on the effective use of carbon fibers and the enhancement of joint strength. By offering insights into the interactions between the dowel angle and other design parameters, this research contributes information that can guide the development of design guidelines for the optimization of CFRP anchor systems.