Abstract
A finite element representation of the Navier-Stokes equations with an algebraic closure model for eddy viscosity is adopted to model turbulent separated-reattaching flows at high Reynolds numbers. The Baldwin-Lomax eddy viscosity model is used with two modifications, namely (1) the outer formulation is redefined by using the coordinate measured from the outer edge of the backflow region (rather than from the wall) and (2) two new representations for the distribution of the eddy viscosity within the backflow region are introduced. The streamline upwind technique is introduced to stabilize the calculations at high Reynolds numbers. This upwind procedure is developed for quadratic elements by first investigating convection-diffusion in one and two dimensions. A new effective computational procedure is adopted to reach high Reynolds numbersdirectly from an appropriate laminar solution. Numerical results are obtained for the flow around a rectangular body at a Reynolds number of 50,000 and compared with experimental data. The gross features of the flow are reasonably well predicted by the numerical analysis.
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