Fibrilación auricular y flúter auricular

Abstract

IntroductionAtrial fibrillation is the most frequent sustained arrhythmia, with a prevalence of 3% in the general population, although with a higher prevalence in the elderly, hypertensive, obese and patients with structural heart disease. DiagnosisThe electrocardiographic diagnosis is based on the identification of the irregularly irregular pattern R-R characteristic. As part of the study, it is convenient to perform a transthoracic echocardiogram, which allows us to diagnose the presence of structural heart disease and to assess the atrial size, which is important for an ablation procedure, and a complete analysis with a thyroid profile, in order to rule out Other triggers, such as anemia, infection, or hyperthyroidism. ManagementThe management of this pathology is based on three pillars: antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of systemic embolism and cerebrovascular accidents, current in recent years thanks to the appearance of oral alternatives to classical anticoagulant therapy with vitamin antagonists K; Heart rate control with braking agents, especially beta-adrenergic blockers, but also calcium-antagonists and digoxin; And rhythm control strategies, both pharmacological and percutaneous, the latter increasingly widespread due to its greater effectiveness and low incidence of complications.