Abstract
Functional gradient scaffolds play an important role in interface-tissue engineering, because of the gradual transition of both physical and chemical properties in interface tissues such as bone–cartilage, bone–ligament, and bone–tendon. In this study, a poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) fibre–microsphere membrane with continuous-gradient bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) distribution was developed by a combined technique of electrospinning and electrospraying. The fibre–microsphere membrane had a ‘sandwich’ structure, in which the electrosprayed poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres loaded with BMP-2 showed a gradient distribution in amount between two pieces of electrospun fibrous membranes. Proliferation of preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the fibre–microsphere membrane for 21 days demonstrated a bioactivity response to the released amount of BMP-2 in a gradient mode. The study suggested that the technique of electrospinning combined with electrospraying is an effective way to prepare functional gradient membranes with potential applications in bone–interface tissue regeneration.
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