Fetal Hand Anomalies: 18 Cases Diagnosed Between 2020-2022 from a Single Tertiary Care Center

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to present and investigate fetal cases with hand anomalies by discussing their antenatal and postmortem findings. Materials and Methods: This retrospective review re-evaluates fetal cases identified antenatally with hand anomalies including polydactyly, syndactyly, reduction defects, and oligodactyly. The following data were collected from the patients’ medical records: Demographic information, family histories, X-ray images, photographs, and cytogenetic/molecular findings. The study also performed a chromosome analysis, array-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and Sanger sequencing of FGFR2 and GLI3 genes. Results: This study involved 18 cases with hand anomalies, all of which were diagnosed antenatally. Three cases were diagnosed with Greig cephalopolysyndactyly, Apert Syndrome, and triploidy, respectively. Conclusions: Fetal ultrasonography is the most valuable tool for providing prenatal diagnosis. Prenatal detection of hand anomalies causes great anxiety for parents; therefore, making an accurate diagnosis list is important for the prenatal period. Prenatal diagnosis and management of hand anomalies must involve a multidisciplinary team composed of a perinatologist, a clinical geneticist, and a hand surgeon.