Abstract
Ferromagnetic nanoparticles can be used as building blocks for advanced bulk and thin film magnets, and can also be applied in data storage and biomedical technologies. However, most ferromagnetic particles lose their hysteresis at room temperature when their size is reduced to nanoscale. The exceptions are a few materials such as FePt and SmCo compounds with extremely high magnetocrystalline anisotropy that can hold a permanent magnetic moment at room temperature in particles of several nanometers. By applying newly developed “salt-matrix annealing” and “surfactant-assisted milling” techniques, monodisperse ferromagnetic FePt, SmCo, and NdFeB based nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized. These first-ever-available nanoparticles display various ferromagnetic properties at room temperature, which are found to be strongly size dependent.
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