Fermionic approach to junctions of multiple quantum wires attached to Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid leads

Abstract

Junctions of multiple one-dimensional quantum wires of interacting electrons have received considerable theoretical attention as a basic constituent of quantum circuits. While results have been obtained on these models using bosonization and Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) methods, another powerful technique is based on direct perturbation theory in the bulk interactions, combined with the Renormalization Group (RG) and summed in the Random Phase Approximation (RPA). This technique has so far only been applied to the case where finite length interacting wires are attached to non-interacting Fermi liquid leads. We reformulate it in terms of the single-particle S-matrix, formally unifying treatments of junctions of different numbers of leads, and extend this method to cover the case of infinite length interacting leads obtaining results on 2-lead and 3-lead junctions in good agreement with previous bosonization and DMRG results.