Abstract
We explore the Dirac fermionic and complex scalar dark matter in the framework of a hidden $\mathrm{U}(1)_\mathrm{X}$ gauge theory with kinetic mixing between the $\mathrm{U}(1)_\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{U}(1)_\mathrm{Y}$ gauge fields. The $\mathrm{U}(1)_\mathrm{X}$ gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken due to a hidden Higgs field. The kinetic mixing provides a portal between dark matter and standard model particles. Besides, an additional Higgs portal can be realized in the complex scalar case. Dark matter interactions with nucleons are typically isospin violating, and direct detection constraints can be relieved. Although the kinetic mixing has been stringently constrained by electroweak oblique parameters, we find that there are several available parameter regions predicting an observed relic abundance through the thermal production mechanism. Moreover, these regions have not been totally explored in current direct and indirect detection experiments. Future direct detection experiments and searches for invisible Higgs decays at a Higgs factory could further investigate these regions.
Highlights
The standard model (SM) with SUð3ÞC ×SUð2ÞL ×Uð1ÞY gauge interactions has achieved a dramatic success in explaining experimental data in particle physics
We focus on dark matter (DM) models with a hidden Uð1ÞX gauge symmetry, which is spontaneously broken due to a hidden Higgs field
We have explored the phenomenology of Dirac fermionic and complex scalar DM with hidden Uð1ÞX gauge interaction and kinetic mixing between the Uð1ÞX and Uð1ÞY gauge fields
Summary
The standard model (SM) with SUð3ÞC ×SUð2ÞL ×Uð1ÞY gauge interactions has achieved a dramatic success in explaining experimental data in particle physics. DM couplings to protons and neutrons are typically different [9,10,12,13,17,18], leading to isospinviolating DM-nucleon scattering [33] in direct detection experiments In this framework, specifying different spins of the DM particle and various Uð1ÞX charges in the hidden sector would lead to different DM models. The DM particle can communicate with the SM fermions mediated by two Higgs bosons, which are mass eigenstates mixed with the SM and hidden Higgs bosons Such an additional Higgs portal can help enhance DM annihilation.
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