Abstract
Many plants exhibit antioxidant properties which may be useful in the prevention of oxidative stress reactions, such as those mediated by the formation of free radical species in different pathological situations. In recent years a number of studies have shown that whole grain products in particular have strong antioxidant activity. Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were used to investigate whether and how a fermented powder of wheat (Lisosan G) is able to modulate antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, and whether or not it can activate Nrf2 transcription factor or inhibit NF-kB activation. All of the antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes studied were significantly up-regulated by 0.7 mg/ml Lisosan G treatment. In particular, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase and heme oxygenase-1 were induced, although to different degrees, at the transcriptional, protein and/or activity levels by the treatment. As for the Nrf2 transcription factor, a partial translocation of its protein from the cytosol to the nucleus after 1 h of Lisosan G treatment was revealed by immunoblotting. Lisosan G was also observed to decrease H2O2-induced toxicityTaken together, these results show that this powder of wheat is an effective inducer of ARE/Nrf2-regulated antioxidant and detoxifying genes and has the potential to inhibit the translocation of NF-kB into the nucleus.
Highlights
Humans are constantly exposed to factors causing oxidative stress including pollutants, radiation and oxidized food [1]
To verify the ability of Lisosan G to protect hepatocytes from damage caused by oxidative stress, we treated a first group of cells with hydrogen peroxide, while a second group was pretreated with Lisosan G prior to exposure to hydrogen peroxide
In the present study, we investigated whether a fermentated wheat powder, Lisosan G, was able to protect against H2O2
Summary
Humans are constantly exposed to factors causing oxidative stress including pollutants, radiation and oxidized food [1]. A variety of vegetables that contain antioxidants potentially capable of preventing oxidative stress reactions, such as those mediated by the formation of free radical species have been studied. Whole grains are good source of B group vitamins, vitamin E, some minerals (zinc, magnesium and phosphorous), and they contain a variety of phytochemicals such as phytoestrogens, phytate, proteins, polysaccharides, phenols and lignans that are able to minimize oxydive damage [7]. All these components may act synergically [8]. Little is known about how cereals effect cells and to our knowledge, no research has yet been done on the antioxidant properties of whole grain products in primary hepatocytes
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