Fenugreek seeds extract mediated nickel oxide nanoparticles and their potential biomedical applications

Abstract

The biogenic nanoparticle synthesis is much interest in the field of modern science and technology because of their excellent inhibition of potential pathogens. A quick, dependable, and efficient way to create very stable metal nanoparticles is by Phytosynthesis. Hence, Fenugreek seeds extract-mediated nickel oxide nanoparticles (NF) are synthesized by an eco-friendly, greener approach. Numerous characterization methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), ultraviolet visible (UV–Vis), photoluminescence (PL), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), were used to confirm the as-prepared nanoparticles. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) show the prepared NiO NPs crystallinity. The FT-IR spectrum ensures the vibrational modes present in the prepared compound. The formation of NiO NPs is confirmed from the ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrum analysis with the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 320 nm. The morphological behavior is shown by the field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM). This prepared Fenugreek seeds extract assisted NiO NPs were examined with different biomedical studies such as anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory. The green approach to NiO NPs shows 82.21 % anti-diabetic, 79.82 % anti-oxidant, and 94.54 % anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities. Moreover, it can act as an excellent inhibitor with the potential to cure various diseases like diabetes, oxidative stress, and inflammation.