Abstract
The purpose of this work was to study the reproductive phenology and biometry of Byrsonima verbascifolia, B. crassa, and B. orbignyana fruits and seeds, species that occur in Bacaba Park, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, in order to plan the fruit extraction and trading. The phenological observations were carried out from May 2006 to April 2007. We assessed the biometric characteristics of 200 fruits of each species. Flowering occurs during the dry season and in the beginning of the rainy season. The fruits are associated with high precipitation periods in that area, and dispersion lasted approximately three months for each species. B. crassa, B. orbignyana, and B. verbascifolia average fruit weight was, respectively: 0.30±0.05 g, 2.41±0.51 g and 3.81±1.99 g. The pulp contributed with 67.79%, 84.38%, and 88.11% of B. crassa, B. orbignyana, and B. verbascifolia total fruit weight, respectively. These species presented a trend to flattened fruits and long endocarp. B. verbascifolia and B. orbignyana proved to be more appopriate for trading since they presented the biggest fruits and the highest pulp yield. However, there should be a rational and sustainable management of the areas so that the fruit collection does not provoke genetic erosion of these species.
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