Abstract
Nano- and microstructured titanium surfaces have recently attracted attention in the field of regenerative medicine because of the influence which surface characteristics such as roughness and wettability can have on cellular processes. This study focuses on the correlation of surface properties (wettability and nano/micro texture) of laser-structured Ti6Al4V samples with pronounced cell adhesion. Samples were structured with multiple laser parameters in order to create a range of surface properties. Surface characterization was performed by contact angle measurements 1 and 7 days after laser processing. The arithmetic mean roughness of the material surface in an area (Sa) was determined by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Immediately after wettability tests of the laser-structured surfaces, in vitro experiments with human MG-63 osteoblasts were carried out. For this purpose, the cell morphology and actin cytoskeleton organization were analyzed using CLSM and scanning electron microscopy. On rough microstructures with deep cavities, the cell growth and spreading were inhibited. An improved cellular adhesion and growth on nanostructured and sinusoidal microstructured surfaces could be demonstrated, regardless of hydrophilicity of the surfaces.
Highlights
The modification and optimization of the surface properties of implants with a focus on cell adhesion was investigated by many research groups [1,2,3,4]
This study focuses on the correlation of surface properties of laser-structured Ti6Al4V samples with pronounced cell adhesion
The aim of this study is to investigate the adhesion, morphology, and growth of human osteoblasts on femtosecond laser produced nano- and microstructured surfaces dependent on the wetting state over time
Summary
The modification and optimization of the surface properties of implants with a focus on cell adhesion was investigated by many research groups [1,2,3,4]. Due to the high reproducibility, flexibility, and capability of generating a wide range of surface structures, femtosecond laser irradiation is a highly attractive manufacturing method to vary the wetting properties [11,12] or cell behavior patterns [13,14]. The structuring of separate areas of the implant surface can be used to cause desired and particular cell behavior [15,16]. It can provide an improved bone-implant interface anchorage [17] or the reduction of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation [18,19]
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