Femoral µCT Analysis, Mechanical Testing and Immunolocalization of Bone Proteins in β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplemented Spiny Mouse in a Model of Pregnancy and Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis.

Ewa Tomaszewska,Monika Hułas-Stasiak,Deepesh K P Chand,Mirosław Jabłoński,Cezary Sławiński,Tomasz Blicharski,Janine Donaldson,Piotr Dobrowolski,Krzysztof Lamorski,Iwona Puzio,Agnieszka Tomczyk-Warunek,Siemowit Muszyński

doi:10.3390/jcm10214808

Abstract

A metabolite of leucine, ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate (HMB), used as a dietary supplement effects muscle tissue gain and bone tissue quality. Since there are no studies on the effects of HMB during pregnancy yet, the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of HMB supplementation during pregnancy on osteoporotic bone quality postpartum and post-lactation using spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) as the animal models. The six-month-old dams were divided into four groups: pregnant and lactating controls, and pregnant and lactating HMB-treated (during the second trimester of pregnancy) females. The intensity of the immunoreaction of osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 8 and 13 (MMP-8 and MMP-13) and proteins involved in bone turnover, was measured in femoral trabecular and compact bone, as well as in the hyaline and epiphyseal cartilage of the femora. The analysis of the trabecular bone microarchitecture showed that the administration of HMB to pregnant females, by influencing the proteins responsible for bone cell activity and collagen remodeling, can provide protection from bone loss. Based on the results of the current study it can be assumed that HMB administration to pregnant females has a more positive impact on trabecular than compact bone.

Highlights

Introduction conditions of the Creative CommonsOsteoporosis is the most common age-related metabolic bone disease, which damages the microarchitecture of bone tissue and reduces bone strength enhancing the risk of fractures, including low-energy fractures
Immunohistochemical analysis of femora from the spiny mice in the current study showed that HMB supplementation during pregnancy influenced the level of certain noncollagen proteins in the bone tissue
These results showed that the trabecular bone, which is characterized by faster bone turnover compared to compact bone

Summary

Introduction

Introduction conditions of the Creative CommonsOsteoporosis is the most common age-related metabolic bone disease, which damages the microarchitecture of bone tissue and reduces bone strength enhancing the risk of fractures, including low-energy fractures. The calcium supply from the mother to the fetus is dependent on its resorption of the maternal skeleton, increased intestinal reabsorption and reduced urinary excretion [4,5,6]. These events are a physiological state, they enhance bone turnover in pregnant and lactating women and are linked with asymptomatic decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) in the mother. Young women with PLO have low-trauma or spontaneous fractures, most commonly multiple vertebral fractures, which occur during late pregnancy or lactation [8] as a result of a decrease in BMD and mechanical stresses during pregnancy [7]. PLO commonly appears for the first time during the first pregnancy and sporadically in subsequent pregnancies

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion