Abstract
The majority of plant viruses depend on Hemipteran vectors for their survival and spread. Effective management of these insect vectors is crucial to minimize the spread of vector-borne diseases, and to reduce crop damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of various systemic insecticides on the feeding behavior of Bemisia tabaci and Myzus persicae, as well as their ability to interfere with the transmission of circulative viruses. The obtained results indicated that some systemic insecticides have antifeeding properties that disrupt virus transmission by their insect vectors. We found that some of the tested insecticides significantly reduced phloem contact and sap ingestion by aphids and whiteflies, activities that are closely linked to the transmission of phloem-limited viruses. These systemic insecticides may play an important role in reducing the primary and secondary spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and turnip yellows virus (TuYV), transmitted by B. tabaci and M. persicae, respectively.
Highlights
Viruses are obligate parasites that use host-cell machinery to produce their progeny [1]
Evaluation of Systemic Insecticides against Transmission of Circulative Viruses by Bemisia tabaci and Results of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) transmission rate by B. tabaci to tomato plants treated with systemic insecticides indicated that the three tested systemic insecticides were effective in reducing both the acquisition (Figure 4A) and inoculation (Figure 4B) efficiency of TYLCV by whiteflies
The transmission rate of TYLCV by B. tabaci exposed to virus-infected source plants previously treated with systemic insecticides for 6 h of acquisition access period (AAP) was lower than that on untreated plants
Summary
Viruses are obligate parasites that use host-cell machinery to produce their progeny [1]. NC virus particles attach to the cuticle of their vectors for a short period of time without any circulation within the vector’s body [6]. This category is divided into two subcategories depending on the duration of virus retention in the vector, nonpersistent (NP) and semipersistent (SP) [7]. Insect vectors quickly transmit NP viruses after fast exploratory superficial probes. These NP viruses persist for a few hours in the vector, are acquired and inoculated during brief (seconds) intracellular stylet punctures in the epidermis and mesophyll cells, visualized as standard potential drops (pd) by the electrical-penetration-graph (EPG) technique [8,9,10]. Some CVs propagate in their insect vector and are
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