Abstract
The growth rate and percent survival of Betta splendens when submitted to formulated diet and live food treatments are evaluated. The three different diets were used and designated as: formulated diet (basal diet); live food diet (plankton) and mixed diet (formulated diet with plankton). The live food diet contained plankton belonging to an open pond. High mortality was reported with live food (plankton) treatment whereas higher percent survival occurred with formulated diet. Highest specific growth rate, weight gain and final weight were reported in the mixed diet treatment and were significantly different (p<0.01) from those in formulated diet and live food treatments. The gut contents of B. splendens in mixed diet and live food treatments comprised, Rotifera and Bacillariophyceae species in high percentages or rather, over 78% of total organisms. Lecane sp. was the most ingested zooplankton species by B. splendens in both treatments (mixed diet and live food), with the phytoplankton species Asterionella sp. and Melosira sp. respectively in mixed diet and in live food, respectively. Results indicated that the formulated diet influenced the water parameters dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids and pH. The live food in the open pond was not enough to improve the growth rate and percent survival of B. splendens. The growth performance of B. splendens; had the best results with mixed diet which was capable of maintaining species's survival (82%) and development in artificial conditions, benefiting the culture management of ornamental fish.
Highlights
The species Betta splendens (Regan, 1910) is one of the best known and popular ornamental fish in the world
Weigh gain and final weight were higher (p
The same values of plankton was recorded in B. splendens fed on live food (P) and mixed diet (FD+P) but the highest growth performance was recorded in mixed diet and indicated that the association of formulated diet and plankton was enough for fish metabolism which resulted in a more suitable growth, than live food only or formulated diet only
Summary
The species Betta splendens (Regan, 1910) is one of the best known and popular ornamental fish in the world. Formulated diet coupled to live food has a comparable nutritional quality and maintain the percent survival and growth rate of ornamental fish at low costs on the global market (Lim et al, 2003). Live food such as plankton preys has been widely used in fish aquaculture. Current study evaluated formulated diet and live food (plankton) to improve the growth rate and percent survival of 60-days-old B. splendens, during 49-days, with regard to three different diets (formulated diet, mixed diet and live food). It was hypothesized: 1)- the plankton biomass in the open pond was enough to improve growth development and survival of B. splendens; 2)- formulated diet, live food or mixed diet, are more efficient in supporting growth and survival of B. splendens; 3)- the feed treatments influenced the water parameters
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