Abstract
The amount of Photoelectron Emission (PEE) depends upon the quantum efficiency of materials. The measurement of PEE, therefore, can be applied to analyze the surface of materials. In this work, it was applied to the study of initial oxidation at high temperature. PEE was measured on several materials such as pure metals: Fe and Cr, oxides: FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 and Cr2O3. The PEE intensity was ten times larger on Fe2O3 (36 pA) than the other materials. Fe, Cr and Fe-Cr alloys were oxidized at 900∼1000 K in air up to 1.8 ks. As the oxidation progressed, the intensity of PEE changed in different manners when materials varied. The PEE from Fe increased until it reached the saturation at 35 pA (that is a value observed on Fe2O3), while that from Cr remained constant at 4 pA. The PEE from the Fe-Cr alloys reached a similar value to Cr after passing through a maximum. Auger electron spectroscopy showed that the surface concentration of Fe on the Fe-Cr alloys varied in a similar manner to the change of PEE. Thus it is concluded that the amount of PEE reflects the quantity of Fe2O3 at the surface and therefore allows to follow the initial oxidation process.
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