Abstract
The X-band marine radar has been employed as a remote sensing tool for sea state monitoring. However, there are few literatures about sea spectra considering both the wave parameters and short wind-wave spectra in China Offshore Seas, which are of theoretical and practical significance. Based on the wave parameters acquired from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data (ERA-Interim reanalysis data) during 36 months from 2015 to 2017, a finite depth sea spectrum considering both wind speeds and ocean environmental parameters is established in this study. The wave spectrum is then built into a modified two-scale model, which can be related to the ocean environmental parameters (wind speeds and wave parameters). The final results are the mean backscattering coefficients over the variety of sea states at a given wind speed. As the model predicts, the monthly maximum backscattering coefficients in different seas change slowly (within 4 dB). In addition, the differences of the backscattering coefficients in different seas are quite small during azimuthal angles of 0° to 90° and 270° to 360° with a relative error within 1.5 dB at low wind speed (5 m/s) and 2 dB at high wind speed (10 m/s). With the method in the paper, a corrected result from the experiment can be achieved based on the relative error analysis in different conditions.
Highlights
In recent years, X-band marine radar system has been employed as a remote sensing tool for sea state monitoring since it can image both the spatial and temporal variations of the sea surface with high resolutions [1,2,3]
The monthly features features of X-band radar backscattering coefficients based on the monthly ocean environmental of X-band radar backscattering coefficients based on the monthly ocean environmental parameters are parameters are calculated in Section 4.1, and the features of backscattering coefficients under calculated in Section 4.1, and the features of backscattering coefficients under the wind speeds the wind speeds and azimuth angles are investigated subsequently
Our study relies on a single source of ERA-Interim reanalysis data in China
Summary
X-band marine radar system has been employed as a remote sensing tool for sea state monitoring since it can image both the spatial and temporal variations of the sea surface with high resolutions [1,2,3]. X-band radar backscattering coefficients based on the ocean environmental parameters is of significant importance in many fields such as ocean engineering applications and remote sensing. The offshore wave features of environmental parameters and spectra are widely studied, and one of the important issues is to predict wave parameters [5,6,7] as well as the changing climate [8], and the significant wave height can be retrieved from Doppler speed measurements through X-band marine radar [9]. In the moderated and low sea states, the wave system is often
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