FEATURES OF WINTER GRAFTING OF CHERRIES AND CHERRIES ON ROOTED CUTTINGS OF CLONAL ROOTSTOCK VSL-2

Abstract

Propagation of cherry and sweet cherry varieties was carried out on the basis of table grafting using not standard clonal rootstocks, but rooted cuttings without preliminary rearing. This makes it possible to significantly intensify the production of grafted seedlings of these crops, which are among the most common and popular fruit breeds in Central Russia. However, this technology also has disadvantages, primarily due to the reduced diameter of their stem, a shortage of nutrients in the rootstock cuttings, and others. The article presents the results of using a number of methods and techniques to improve the efficiency of this technology: Selection for inoculation of increments corresponding to the diameter of rooted rootstock cuttings, storage of rootstock cuttings before inoculation in a nutrient substrate, establishment of optimal inoculation times and use of the growth regulator BCI to increase regeneration processes at the junction of copulants. Compared with standard clone rootstocks, the diameter of the rooted cuttings used was 1.5–2 times smaller and amounted to about 3–5 mm. This made it necessary to match the size of the stem and the grafts of propagated varieties. Such indicators were observed in normal medium — sized increments and in new ones after summer pruning, as well as in long ones-their middle and upper parts. The survival rate of winter grafts and the quality of the seedlings obtained on the used rooted cuttings of clonal rootstock significantly increased when they were stored after digging in a peat substrate with a moistened 1 % solution of mineral fertilizers — a solution of nitroammofoski and complex fertilizer Aquarinus. The optimal time for vaccination was January, February, and April. The results of accretion of grafting components, and subsequently the quality of seedlings, are improved when the oblique section of the Scion is treated with an aqueous solution of IMC (100 mg/l) or the preparation “Kornevin”.