Abstract
The article discusses the features of ultrasonic operative control of the mechanical properties of rocks of geological exploration wells. The control develops in three directions: ultrasonic logging of exploration wells, the determination of the strength and elastic properties of rocks, taking into account their geological homogeneity; comprehensive monitoring of physical and mechanical properties of cores of deep and ultra-deep wells directly on the wells or core storage facilities. To control samples with untreated ends, it was proposed to use methods and means to ensure the point contact of the sensor with the surface, which allows to accurately determine the distance traveled by the waves through the sample, and taking into account the directional patterns of ultrasonic vibrations to determine the type and speed of the wave. According to the velocities of the longitudinal, shear or surface waves and the density of rocks determine the dynamic elastic parameters. The discrepancy between the actual structure of deep rock massif and seismic data is considered. With depth, the metamorphism of rocks increases. At the considered depths, the crust of rocks has a layered structure, which is due to the alternation of igneous and sedimentary rocks differing in the degree of metamorphism.
Highlights
The definition of physical and mechanical properties and stress-strain state of a massif of rocks is an important section of highly effective geological and geophysical monitoring, which is constantly evolving in both scientific and technical areas
The regression equations for elementary polygenetic types (EPT) of rocks are recommended when mining technical problems are solved, related to the stability of workings and the need to identify the details of the facial conditions of sedimentation of rocks
The use of portable equipment such as "Kernoskop", UK-10PMS, UK10PM, as well as any other ultrasonic equipment, allows for rapid mass determination of the elastic and strength properties of various rocks, resulting in an increase in the amount of information about these properties, with a significant reduction in costs for rock testing and exploration in general. Both the equipment and the measurement technology have been subjected to numerous tests, from factory, departmental and interdepartmental acceptance tests to state
Summary
The definition of physical and mechanical properties and stress-strain state of a massif of rocks is an important section of highly effective geological and geophysical monitoring, which is constantly evolving in both scientific and technical areas. As for relevance, annually only in geological exploration organizations, in principle, it is possible to control millions of meters of core, but his choice, even in the coal industry, does not exceed 4 % of the total. This selection is made only in rocks containing coal seams; much of the important information is irreversibly lost. The determination of rock strength parameters is based on correlations with longitudinal wave velocities measured on samples and cores. The aim of the work is to analyze the features of the method of ultrasonic control of the mechanical properties of rocks of geological exploration wells, including without their mechanical processing
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