FEATURES OF THE MANAGEMENT OF CRITICAL IMPORT GOODS UNDER THE CONDITIONS UNDER MARTIAL LAW

Abstract

The paper studies the peculiarities of managing goods of critical import in the conditions of martial law. It was determined that under critical import we propose to understand the import into the country for internal consumption of those goods that are significant for the functioning and development of the national economy, the import substitution of which in a certain period of time is impossible or insufficient to ensure the strengthening of the national economy in crisis conditions. It has been established that the organization of critical imports under martial law allows the state to effectively manage the production of products that are necessary for the domestic market and support production enterprises that are dependent on imported raw materials. It has been found that the concept of critical import is currently absent at the legislative level, and customs clearance of goods of critical import takes place on the basis of a sub-legal act - Resolution of the CMU No. 153 of 24.02.2022 "On the list of goods of critical import". It was established that in accordance with legislative innovations, the list of critical import goods was actually canceled in July 2022, but the list of critical import services still remains valid. Based on the conducted research, it was established that the expected demand for consumer and investment goods remains very low in the medium term, which in turn will complicate the recovery of imports. We recommend the implementation of the following main measures to regulate foreign economic activity in the conditions of martial law: the introduction of a full embargo on the import of goods from the aggressor country; simplification of the licensing procedure of various types of economic activity; making changes to the list of goods, the export of which is subject to licensing, for the purpose of more effective control and regulation; reforming customs clearance to facilitate the process of importing goods into the country; the introduction of currency control, which regulates the terms of settlements in foreign economic activity; making changes to the list of goods recognized as critical imports, taking into account modern conditions and needs of the economy. On the basis of the conducted research, we consider it necessary to implement the following measures to restore foreign economic activity due to the conditions of martial law: implement the elimination of import duties on raw materials necessary for the production of Ukrainian goods, along with the implementation of simplification of customs control procedures for these goods; expansion of the list of critical import goods; to ensure the possibility of exporting surplus products by rail, etc.