Features of the elastic wheel as a sophisticated mechanism

Abstract

The kinematics and dynamics of the vehicle, road safety depend on the interaction of the elastic wheel with the supporting surface. The paper analyzes the features of the elastic wheel of a car and identifies such indicators as the rolling resistance coefficient, the twisting angle of the tire body, the radius of the movement path, and the stabilizing torque of the tire. An inspection of recent studies and publications has been conducted, according to which it has been established that mathematical models that describe the interaction of a tire with a support surface exist only for the simplest case of movement i.e. straight-line motion along a solid surface at a fixed speed. As for the general case of movement, so that the movement along a curvilinear trajectory of a changeable radius of curvature with a changeable speed of movement; today there are no universal mathematical dependencies applicable to practical use.The definition of the twisting angle of the tire body and the lateral displacement of the unit wheel disc, as well as the lateral displacement of the wheels of the first and third axles of the three-axle bogie, which multiaxle trucks have (e.g. KraAZ-7140N6) or three-axle semi-trailers are considered in detail.Dependencies are presented for calculating the stabilizing moment of a tire, which is formed by such parameters as the angular stiffness of the tire relative to the vertical axis, the angle of withdrawal, the twisting angle of the tire, etc.The features of the portable and relative movement of the contact print of a tire during its rotation in place and during movement are determined depending on the design parameters, in particular, on the length of the hub. It was found out in which cases during the turn an additional roll of the steerable wheel occurs relative to the supporting surface.The results of these studies are useful for engineers and researchers who are working to improve the performance properties of vehicles.