Features of Takotsubo Syndrome in Male Patients

Abstract

Takotsubo syndrome has particular significance among heart diseases, as with the increase in the number of publications, there is more and more evidence that this syndrome can cause serious complications and even death of patients. Similarity with acute coronary syndrome is even more important reason for interest in Takotsubo syndrome, coupled with the lack of a clear diagnostic criterion to distinguish these pathologies. The lack of understanding of the pathogenesis of Takotsubo syndrome is one of the obstacles to the formation of such a diagnostic criterion. Despite a large number of publications on the causes and pathogenesis of Takotsubo syndrome, course of the disease has not been studied in men, since this pathology is much more often observed in women. Identifying the gender characteristics of this disease and their causes can be an important step towards explaining the pathogenesis of Takotsubo syndrome. In this review, a sample of 45 clinical cases of Takotsubo syndrome in men was compared with a mixed group from a clinical study. Takotsubo syndrome in men has a number of distinctive features: the greater importance of physical stress in the structure of the causes, in contrast to the predominance of emotional stress in the mixed group, a higher proportion of the basal form of the disease, as well as a significant decrease in the ejection fraction of the left ventricle and the frequent occurrence of cardiogenic shock manifestations of a more severe course of this disease.