Features of SHS of multicomponent carbides

Abstract

Combustion of powders of transition metals of titanium PTS (average particle size 57 μm), zirconium PCRK-1 (12 μm), tantalum Ta PM-3 (8 μm), hafnium GFM-1 (4 μm), niobium NBP-1a (21 μm) with carbon black grade P-803 dispersion 1–2 μm was studied. The combustion process of the compressed samples (mass 2.5–6.9 g, height 1.2–1.7 cm, relative density 0.55–0.61) was performed in an inert argon medium at a pressure of 760 mmHg in the constant pressure chamber. Combinations were studied, Me1 + Me2 + Me3 + Me4 + 4C, Me1 + Me2 + Me3 + Me4 + Me5 + 5C. XRD patterns of the mixtures were recorded on a DRON-3М diffractometer (CuKα-radiation). Combustion product sections were studied using a LEO 1450 VP scanning electron microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany). The fractional composition and particle size distribution of the mixture were determined according to standard procedure using a Microsizer-201C laser particle size analyzer. Combustion velocity, elongation of samples, phase composition of products were determined. The maximum combustion temperature of the mixture (Ti + Hf + Zr + Nb + Ta) + 5C was measured experimentally for the first time. The morphology and microstructure of the reaction products were also observed. Combustion products of mixtures (Ti + Zr + Nb + Ta) + 4C and (Ti + Zr + Nb + Hf) + 4C contain high entropy carbides, which are solid solutions with the same structural type B1 (space group Fm-3m) and having different cell parameters. Product samples of mixtures (Ti + Zr ++ Hf + Ta) + 4C and (Ti + Hf + Zr + Nb + Ta) + 5C contain high entropy and medium entropy carbides, also representing solid solutions with the same structural type B1 (space group Fm-3m). The results of this work can be used in the production of high-entropy and medium-entropy multicomponent carbides.