FEATURES OF PROLONGED STRESS IN FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN WITH PSYCHOPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS

Abstract

The article reveals the question of the peculiarities of prolonged stress in families raising children with psychophysical development. The main aspects that have already been in the center of attention of scientific-theoretical and empirical study of the psychological state of parents, including, depending on the nature of psychophysical disorders. It is noted that the sudden onset and unpreparedness for the child's health, lack of experience in caring for her, unpredictability of the situation and the need for radical changes in their own lives, understanding the fact of lifelong burden often cause parents to develop emotional, informational, social, interpersonal stress and subsequent maladaptation. family. Based on the analysis of scientific research, identified and supplemented the main psychological problems faced by families of children with special needs, and grouped them into two groups - objective (mental disorders of the child, financial, educational, social, legal side of its development ) and subjective (internal state of the parents themselves, their actions and motives) stress factors. It is emphasized that the constant influence of these factors often leads to the development of prolonged stress - one that can last a long time or permanently, becoming chronic, with negative consequences for physiological, emotional health, social and working life of parents, family breakdown. A scientific and generalized analysis of the stages and stages of parents' experience of a stressful situation with the appearance of a disabled child, such as: shock, aggression, grief, anger, guilt, emotional adaptation, adaptation to chronic stress. It has been established that the family of a child with developmental disabilities experiences several crisis periods (diagnosis; obvious manifestations of developmental delay; identification of limited abilities of the child to study; coming of age), during which they need constant psychological help and support from specialists. The author notes that, depending on the nature of the child's psychophysical disorder, the psychological, social or biological adaptation of family members will occur differently or not at all, with the family's value orientations and attitudes to stress playing an important role. The characteristic symptoms of prolonged stress are expressed, which express the tension in which parents and sick children are. Emphasis is placed on the need for further analysis of prolonged stress in parents of children with special needs in certain categories and finding ways to form coping resources for each family member.