Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for many diseases, including pathologies of the respiratory system. The pathogenesis of lung tissue damage is complex and multifactorial, however, it has now been found that homocysteine has a toxic effect on the vascular system and parenchyma of the organ. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of microscopic changes in the structure of the lungs of young rats under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia. The experimental study was performed on 22 white non-linear young (1-2 months) male rats. During the experiment, the animals were divided into two groups – control and experimental. Simulation of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was achieved by administering to rats of the experimental group thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrically for 60 days. Histological specimens were examined using an SEO SCAN light microscope and photo-documented using a Vision CCD Camera with the system output images of histological preparations. It was found that the introduction of thiolactone homocysteine to young rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg led to the development of destructive changes in blood vessels, bronchi, components of the respiratory department with signs of atelectasis. Hemodynamic disorders and increased vascular permeability led to perivascular, peribronchial, interstitial, intra-alveolar edema, histo-leukocyte infiltration. The detected changes are reversible and have a compensatory nature.
Highlights
Homocysteine (HC) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid that is formed in the body under normal conditions during methionine metabolism
The purpose of the study is to identify the features of microscopic changes in the structure of the lungs of young rats under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia
Vitamins B6, B9 and B12 have been found to be extremely important for its metabolism, since they are involved in the synthesis of coenzymes, without which the metabolism of this amino acid is impossible [20]
Summary
Homocysteine (HC) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid that is formed in the body under normal conditions during methionine metabolism. Vitamins B6, B9 and B12 have been found to be extremely important for its metabolism, since they are involved in the synthesis of coenzymes, without which the metabolism of this amino acid is impossible [20]. Due to impaired synthesis and recycling processes, its level may increase, leading to the development of a health-threatening condition of hyperhomocysteinemia. Many causes for the development of hyperhomocysteinemia have been proven These include: hereditary defects of enzymes methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, cystathionine-βsynthase, methionine synthase; taking certain medicines (oral contraceptives, barbiturates, etc.), a diet high in methionine, kidney disease, drinking lots of coffee, smoking, alcoholism, a sedentary lifestyle [11, 13, 21]. Numerous studies have demonstrated its relationship to Alzheimer's disease, autism, vascular dementia, pregnancy miscarriage, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, osteoporosis, cancer [9, 16]
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