Abstract
The article clarifies that in order to ensure the proper functioning of the grain market in Ukraine, current national legislation providesspecial mechanism of mortgage purchase of grain, which is regulated by the Laws of Ukraine «On Grain and Grain Market inUkraine» of July 4, 2002, «On State Support of Agricultural Economy of Ukraine» of June 24, 2004, adopted in their development bylaws.It is proved that the legal nature of mortgage purchase of grain is manifested in the fact that it can be considered simultaneouslyas a legal model of grain sales, a form of state support for agricultural enterprises, a specific mechanism for lending to agricultural producersin the budget loan. The specifics of state mortgage purchase as a special model of grain sales is as follows: a) the object of mortgagepurchase is exclusively grain (durum wheat, soft wheat, wheat and rye (meslin) grain, corn, barley, winter rye, spring rye), peas,buckwheat, millet, oats, soybeans, sunflower seeds, rapeseed, flax seeds), which has already been harvested, placed in a grain warehouseand ready for sale; b) special subjects of grain mortgage purchase agreements (Agrarian Fund, acting as a creditor on behalf ofthe state, and a subject of agrarian entrepreneurship – a grain producer recognized as a borrower); c) has a term character; d) has a paidnature; e) is applied only if the relevant funds are available in the State Budget; e) is carried out in accordance with the legally approvedand too detailed, which complicates the access of grain producers to the budget loan in the mode of mortgage purchase of grain; e) iscarried out on the basis of a loan agreement, the standard form of which is currently not normatively approved. The mortgage purchaseof grain was carried out during 2000–2014, and after 2014 the relevant funds for the state mortgage procurement of grain in the StateBudget was not provided, and the relevant agreements in the agricultural market were not concluded.
Highlights
The article clarifies that in order to ensure the proper functioning of the grain market in Ukraine, current national legislation provides special mechanism of mortgage purchase of grain, which is regulated by the Laws of Ukraine «On Grain and Grain Market in Ukraine» of July 4, 2002, «On State Support of Agricultural Economy of Ukraine» of June 24, 2004, adopted in their development bylaws
It is proved that the legal nature of mortgage purchase of grain is manifested in the fact that it can be considered simultaneously as a legal model of grain sales, a form of state support for agricultural enterprises, a specific mechanism for lending to agricultural producers in the budget loan
Що правова природа заставної закупівлі зерна виявляється у тому, що її можна розглядати одночасно як правову модель реалізації зерна, форму державної підтримки суб’єктів аграрного підприємництва, специфічний механізм кредитування сільськогосподарських товаровиробників у режимі надання бюджетної позики
Summary
Тому проведений аналіз розвитку законодавства у сфері заставної закупівлі зерна дає підстави для висновків, що правова природа заставної закупівлі зерна виявляється в тому, що її можна розглядати одночасно як: а) правову модель реалізації зерна; б) форму державної підтримки суб’єктів аграрного підприємництва; в) специфічний механізм кредитування сільськогосподарських товаровиробників у режимі надання бюджетної позики.
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