Features of legal regulation and management of municipal solid waste in Russia and Germany

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the sphere of circulation and use of municipal solid waste in the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany. The characteristics of the legal regulation of both countries in the field of waste management are given. Legal acts adopted in the European Union are the basis of German legislation in the field of waste management. Comparison of the legislative framework of Russia and Germany revealed their significant difference. Noteworthy is the lack of a clear hierarchy in the handling, disposal and processing of MSW. Attention is drawn to the huge number of illegal landfills and waste incineration sites in Russia. In our country, composting has not become widespread enough, and it is usually used by the population in individual houses or garden plots. However, the composting process can also be centralized and carried out at special sites, which are organic waste processing plants. The end product of this process is compost, which can be used in various agricultural applications. The main ways of improving the legal regulation in the field of waste management are proposed. In particular, it is recommended to develop a complete waste management strategy and a roadmap for its implementation. The waste management strategy in Russia should be based on a model that takes into account the specifics and cost-effectively combines the collection, transportation, processing, recycling and disposal of waste. It is necessary to create universal centers that unite enterprises for the collection, storage, recycling, processing and marketing of garbage and materials produced from waste coming from the largest cities of Russia. In the short term, the key goal is to solve the problem of the formation of illegal dumps, as well as landfills near large cities.