Features of immunophenotypic finding B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases by flow cytometry

Abstract

Aim. To assess the information content of conventional and additional immunophenotypic markers (CD200, CD305) in the differential diagnosis B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases by flow cytometry.
 Methods. An immunophenotypic study using 4-color flow cytometry was performed in 204 patients with different variants of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The study material included peripheral blood and bone marrow. The expression of CD45, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD79b, CD79a, CD5, CD10, CD23, FMC7, CD43, CD38, CD11c, CD103, CD25, CD 200, CD 305, light chains of immunoglobulins (kappa/lambda) using monoclonal antibodies (Becton Dickinson, USA) was evaluated. The intensity of antigen expression was assessed using mean fluorescence intensity (y. e.).
 Results. Conventional FMC7-positive expression revealed only half patients with different variants of leukemization of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, whereas atypical positive expression of CD23 was observed in patients with marginal spleen lymphoma and follicular lymphoma in 27.3 and 28.6% of cases, respectively. In mantle cell lymphoma, expression of CD200 in B-cell was detected in a significantly smaller number of observations, accompanied by a significant decrease in the average intensity of CD200 fluorescence compared to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD305 in hairy cell leukemia is significantly higher than in splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) with villous lymphocytes.
 Conclusion. Different levels of the information content of some conventional markers were revealed in differential immunophenotypic diagnosis of B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases by flow cytometry; the use of additional markers CD200 and CD305 was highly informative in differential diagnostics between different variants of B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases with similar immunophenotypic and morphological characteristics of lymphoid elements.