Abstract

Annotation. Treatment of venous thromboembolism remains a complex and unsolved problem today. To date, there are no consensuses and guidelines that clearly regulate the treatment of patients with thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC), considering the rather low prevalence of this pathology. Therefore, a more detailed study of this pathology, analysis of the treatment results, will allow to form a treatment strategy and obtain positive results of treatment in patients with IVC thrombosis. We analyzed the results of treatment of 44 patients with venous thrombosis in the Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital named after Pirogov for the period from 2009 to 2023. The analysis was carried out in two groups, one consisted of 40 patients who survived, the second group included 4 patients who died. Fisher's exact test (one-sided) was used to analyze differences. Analysis of gender distribution did not reveal significant differences between groups. Bilateral iliofemoral thrombosis occurred in 3 (7.5%) patients from the group of survivors. The floating nature of IVC thrombosis was observed in 2 (5%) patients in the group of survivors and in 4 (100%) patients in the group of the dead. PE was observed in 5 (12.5%) patients in the survivor group and in 4 (100%) patients in the deceased group and was the cause of death in all cases of mortality. Thus, in 4 (9%) cases, floating thrombosis led to the occurrence of fatal PE in the case of IVC thrombosis. Operative treatment was more often performed in patients who survived: 4.5% versus 0%. When analyzing individual types of invasive treatment, it was found that the use of a cava filter was more often performed in deceased patients, and thrombectomy and catheter-directed thrombolysis - in those patients who survived. So, intravenous thrombosis is a dangerous and complex disease with a high mortality rate, which in our study was 9%. The floating nature of IVC thrombosis is one of the main risk factors for the occurrence of fatal PE. Performing thrombectomy is an effective method of treatment of IVC thrombosis and prevention of PE.

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