FEATURES OF ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING ORGANIZATION AND LAND USE OF CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL CENTRES IN SMALL TOWNS

Abstract

The article analyses the features of the formation of a cultural and educational centre. It is determined that in order to strengthen the economic potential of the city or town, it is necessary to establish and develop related components that will facilitate investments into the main economic function of the city or town and increase its attractiveness and efficiency. These are the related components that can be formed in a cultural and educational centre. The components, which are successfully established and developed in the cultural and educational centre, and related to the main town-forming function are able to significantly affect the further development of the said function, and, accordingly, the entire settlement. The use of land in settlements always involves a combination of land ownership interests, both private, municipal and state. In these conditions, land ownership is closely related to the need to locate a certain type of activity in a certain place for the most efficient use of the land plot. The article provides examples of cultural and educational centres in Ukraine, where the main town-forming function of a settlement is represented and developed. Such an example is the complex of cultural and educational centres in Opyshnia, a centre of pottery art. Today, the village has several exhibition areas united by a conditional tourist route: ceramics museums, a cultural and educational centre with exhibition, shopping, recreational areas and small-scale production, and museums-estates of famous potters. The existence of a cultural and educational complex in Opyshnia significantly increases the town’s tourist potential. A successful example of domestic experience is the Museum of Easter Egg Painting and the National Museum of Hutsulshchyna and Pokuttia Folk Art in the city of Kolomyia of Ivano-Frankivsk region. A similar approach to further development with the formation of cultural and educational complexes of public buildings with hotel, exhibition, trade, recreational, and educational zones is offered in the city of Kostopil, where the Ukrainian Sawmills Company operates its woodworking plant. The article determines that the problem of researching functional planning and architectural and compositional solutions for cultural and educational centres in small towns is relevant for the formation of an aesthetic environment, for the activation of cultural, spiritual, scientific and educational needs.