Abstract
Microwave ablation (MWA) by using coaxial antennas is a promising alternative for breast cancer treatment. A double short distance slot coaxial antenna as a newly optimized applicator for minimally invasive treatment of breast cancer is proposed. To validate and to analyze the feasibility of using this method in clinical treatment, a computational model, phantom, and breast swine in vivo experimentation were carried out, by using four microwave powers (50 W, 30 W, 20 W, and 10 W). The finite element method (FEM) was used to develop the computational model. Phantom experimentation was carried out in breast phantom. The in vivo experimentation was carried out in a 90 kg swine sow. Tissue damage was estimated by comparing control and treated micrographs of the porcine mammary gland samples. The coaxial slot antenna was inserted in swine breast glands by using image-guided ultrasound. In all cases, modeling, in vivo and phantom experimentation, and ablation temperatures (above 60°C) were reached. The in vivo experiments suggest that this new MWA applicator could be successfully used to eliminate precise and small areas of tissue (around 20–30 mm2). By modulating the power and time applied, it may be possible to increase/decrease the ablation area.
Highlights
Tumor ablative therapies are either chemical or thermal treatment applied to a tumor tissue in order to get partial or total tumor destruction
The election of the microwave antenna was based on the measurement of the standing wave ratio (SWR)
Microwave ablation is a promising treatment for breast cancer because it produces local heat in the cancerous injury without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue
Summary
Tumor ablative therapies are either chemical or thermal treatment applied to a tumor tissue in order to get partial or total tumor destruction. The advantages of ablative therapies include faster recovery, lower cost, and a less invasive procedure; these therapies can be performed in an ambulatory surgery setting under local anesthesia. Another advantage of ablative therapy is the cosmetic breast preservation, because this treatment is less aggressive and allows keeping the shape of the breast [1, 2]. The microwave power produces local heat in the tumor without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue due to the difference in electric properties between healthy and tumor breast tissues
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