Abstract
Change acts as an inherent characteristic of the landscape, and expresses dynamic interactions between its tangible and intangible elements. While the documentation and analysis of spatiotemporal patterns have been broadly discussed, major challenges concern the design of task-oriented, user-friendly landscape visualizations. Geographic information system (GIS) techniques and approaches from visual analytics may bring solutions to those questions. This paper considers the milestone documents for the representation of cultural heritage, and proposes a workflow for assessing the feasibility of the space–time cube concept in landscape representation. The usability of the visualization was examined during the interview with domain experts and potential interdisciplinary users. The evaluation session covered benchmark tasks, feedback, and eye-tracking. The performance of the space–time cube was compared with another spatiotemporal visualization technique and measured in terms of correctness, response time, and satisfaction. The Royal Castle in Warsaw, which was registered in 1980 as a part of Warsaw’s World Heritage Site of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), served as the case study. The user tests show that the designed space–time cube excels for the completion rate; however, more time is required to provide answers to question tasks focusing on comparisons. Together, the case study and feedback from domain experts and participants demonstrate the benefit of the space–time cube concept in designing landscape visualizations.
Highlights
The European Parliament announced 2018 as the European Year of Cultural Heritage, as this is increasingly becoming a vital factor in socioeconomic development
The user tests show that the designed space–time cube excels for the completion rate; more time is required to provide answers to question tasks focusing on comparisons
The information about end users’ typical tasks and preferences is useful to create a visually appealing tool, and to ensure that their exploration tasks will be performed efficiently and correctly. With these objectives in mind, our study investigates to what degree the space–time cube is a feasible tool for cultural heritage visualization
Summary
The European Parliament announced 2018 as the European Year of Cultural Heritage, as this is increasingly becoming a vital factor in socioeconomic development. Cartography, with its fundamental mission of mapping landscapes, greatly contributes to the visibility of the cultural heritage, integrating elements such as its spatial location and uniqueness into visual stories. Inherent elements of the environment are especially interesting for cartographic visualizations Landscape objects such as buildings, by nature, have a spatial location and a date of creation, reconstruction, and/or destruction. The charter stresses the important role of collaboration between representation designers and different stakeholders such as heritage professionals, researchers, authorities, and any users interested in the heritage topic. This collaboration aim to share expertise, opinions, needs, and future perspectives for domain-specific use cases. The charter mentions a few examples of educational usage, for instance in school curricula, lifelong learning programs, events, and information media
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