Abstract
Fused filament fabrication is a technology of additive manufacturing that uses molten thermoplastics for building parts. Due to the convenient shape of the raw material, a simple filament, the market offers a great variety of materials from simple to blends of compatible materials. However, finding a material with the desired properties can be difficult. Making it in-house or using a material manufacturer can be costly and time-consuming, especially when the optimum blend ratios are unknown or new design perspectives are tested. This paper presents an accessible method of producing core-shell filaments using material extrusion 3D printing. The printed filaments are characterised by a polycarbonate (PC) core and acryl butadiene styrene (ABS) shell with three material ratios. Their performance was investigated through printed samples. Additionally, the material mixing degree was studied by varying the extrusion temperature, nozzle feeding geometry, and layer thickness. The influence of all four factors was evaluated using a graphical representation of the main effects. The results showed that a core-shell filament can be processed using a 3D printer with a dual extrusion configuration and that the mechanical properties of the samples can be improved by varying the PC–ABS ratio. This research provides an accessible method for developing new hybrid filaments with a predesigned structure using a 3D printer.
Highlights
Published: 4 December 2021Additive manufacturing (AM) represents a versatile set of technologies that can be used conveniently in product development
The extruded wires were evaluated under a microscope (Figure 3) to appreciate the influence of the extrusion temperature and nozzle input geometry over the PC distribution in the acryl butadiene styrene (ABS) mass
In the case of samples extruded through the nozzle with simple geometry, it can be observed how the extruded section preserves the structure of the input filament regarding the core-shell concentricity and cross-section aspect
Summary
Published: 4 December 2021Additive manufacturing (AM) represents a versatile set of technologies that can be used conveniently in product development. AM comprises a wide range of technologies, materials, and according to ISO 17296-2: 2015, they can be categorised in the following seven groups vat photopolymerisation (VP), material jetting (MJ), binder jetting (BJ), powder bed fusion (PBF), material extrusion (ME), direct energy deposition (DED), and sheet lamination (SL) [3]. Each of these categories contains more than one manufacturing technology. AM technologies are interdisciplinary and are used in many fields such as medicine, architecture, archaeology [5,6], and many others
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