Abstract
PurposeTo assess the feasibility and safety of imaging canine peripheral airways (<1 mm) with an experimental micro-imaging fiber optic bronchoscope.MethodsTwenty healthy dogs were scoped with a micro-imaging fiber optic bronchoscope (0.8 mm outer diameter). Images at various levels of the bronchioles, mucosal color, and tracheal secretions were recorded. The apparatus was stopped once it was difficult to insert. CT imaging was performed simultaneously to monitor progression. The safety of the device was evaluated by monitoring heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), mean artery pressure (MAP), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and arterial blood gases (partial pressure of arterial carbon-dioxide, PaCO2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen, PaO2, and blood pH).Results(1) According to the CT scan, the micro-imaging fiber was able to access the peripheral airways (<1 mm) in canines. (2) There was no significant change in the values of HR, MAP, pH and PaCO2 during the procedure (P>0.05). Comparing pre-manipulation and post-manipulation values, SpO2 (F = 13.06, P<0.05) and PaO2 (F = 3.01, P = 0.01) were decreased, whereas RR (F = 3.85, P<0.05) was elevated during the manipulation. (3) Self-limited bleeding was observed in one dog; severe bleeding or other complications did not occur.ConclusionAlthough the new apparatus had little effect on SpO2, PaO2 and RR, it can probe into small peripheral airways (<1 mm), which may provide a new platform for the early diagnosis of bronchiolar diseases.
Highlights
Bronchiolar diseases, including acute bronchiolitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis, are not closely tracked in China, they are common and difficult to diagnose
Conclusion: the new apparatus had little effect on SpO2, PaO2 and respiratory rate (RR), it can probe into small peripheral airways (,1 mm), which may provide a new platform for the early diagnosis of bronchiolar diseases
positron emission tomography (PET) is more sensitive than computed tomography (CT) in identifying lesions in the peripheral segments of the lung, there are too many false positives to allow treatment decisions to be consistently made based on PET imaging alone [1,2]
Summary
Bronchiolar diseases, including acute bronchiolitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis, are not closely tracked in China, they are common and difficult to diagnose. This limits the progress of research and threatens human life and health. There is an increasing need to evaluate and manage bronchiolar diseases. With the development of imaging modalities, both computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are playing a greater role in the evaluation of peripheral airways. PET is more sensitive than CT in identifying lesions in the peripheral segments of the lung, there are too many false positives to allow treatment decisions to be consistently made based on PET imaging alone [1,2]. It is too expensive to widely apply in clinic, especially in developing countries
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