Abstract
We studied the cultural eutrophication process assessments of coastal lagoons by considering sociopolitical, socioeconomic, demographic, technological, and cultural factors, which represent indirect drivers exerting effects on the eutrophication process, causing changes on the trophic status. Multifactorial interactions in eutrophication processes make understanding their complex dynamics difficult, leading to unreliable assessments and, consequently, to unsustainable management actions. This, in turn, hinders the feasibility of coastal lagoon sustainability. We propose a method based on the evaluation of pathways derived from a multifactorial network, which represents the eutrophication process, with the aim of determining the feasibility of the sustainability of the Tres Palos coastal lagoon. Our findings revealed that most of the evaluations of relationships belonging to pathways were unfeasible due to reasons such as: there was no evidence of the existence of public policies, technological skills, and cultural factors; there was a lack of data related to human settlements around the lagoon and river, industrial waste, agricultural practices, and tourism. The preceding shortcomings hinder the feasibility of coastal lagoon sustainability under study. We suggest that assessments of cultural eutrophication processes that overlook sociopolitical, socioeconomic, technological, and cultural factors are limited and inadequate for supporting the feasibility of sustainable coastal lagoons.
Highlights
Coastal lagoons (CLs) are considered productive ecosystems, providing food from fisheries, fauna and plants, construction materials from trees and reeds, freshwater, and recreational areas, among others, for the benefit of human wellbeing [1,2,3,4,5].human disturbances have caused changes in coastal lagoons [6], where population growth and changes in land use, among other things, have played a significant role in the impact on these ecosystems [7]
We would like to remind and highlight that the main purpose of this work is to determine the feasibility of the sustainability of the Tres Palos coastal lagoon
We argue in this work that an adequate ecosystem management system (EMS) that deals with multifactorial complex systems, such as coastal lagoons, if there is evidence of the existence of the environmental education program, the
Summary
Coastal lagoons (CLs) are considered productive ecosystems, providing food from fisheries, fauna and plants, construction materials from trees and reeds, freshwater, and recreational areas, among others, for the benefit of human wellbeing [1,2,3,4,5]. Human disturbances have caused changes in coastal lagoons [6], where population growth and changes in land use, among other things, have played a significant role in the impact on these ecosystems [7]. The decline of services provided by ecosystems has accelerated across the world due to population increase and consumption products [8,9,10]. The preceding examples show how the relationship between population increase and economic factors without regulation influence waste production increase, which in turn damages the quality state of environmental regions and ecosystems
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