Abstract
Models based on multifactorial interactions are needed to deal with the dynamics taking place in the eutrophication processes of coastal lagoons. However, as the number of indirect drivers stemming from anthropogenic factors increases, temporal disorders between anthropogenic activities may increase, thus hindering the understanding of their dynamics. We have built multifactorial pathways to deal with the dynamics associated with the cultural eutrophication process of a coastal lagoon. The pathways guided the identification of potential temporal disorder patterns between anthropogenic activities, which may exert influence on the disturbances associated with eutrophication process. The identification of temporal disorder patterns derived from anthropogenic activities belonging to different pathways resulted in a valuable form of support for analyzing and evaluating relationships between public policies, technological skills and environmental culture programs. All of which exert influence on the eutrophication process, which in turn cause changes on the trophic state and on the landscape of the coastal lagoon. Pathways composed of multifactorial interactions that take into account spatial and temporal aspects, contribute to improving the understanding of the inherent dynamics of the eutrophication process of coastal lagoons. Temporal disorders between anthropogenic activities may be seen to emerge, thus exerting changes on the trophic state and spatial damage on the landscapes of coastal lagoons.
Highlights
Complex patterns in both time and space domains stem from ecosystems, such as coastal lagoons
We have dealt with the problem of understanding the dynamics of the cultural eutrophication process of coastal lagoons, which are considered complex systems
We have seen that the cultural eutrophication process is strongly characterized by multifactorial interactions between anthropogenic activities that contribute to the disturbances associated with the eutrophication process
Summary
Complex patterns in both time and space domains stem from ecosystems, such as coastal lagoons. Spatiotemporal models based on mathematical and computational models are useful supports for understanding the dynamics associated with ecological systems [1]. The spatiotemporal richness patterns of species and the processes that drive them should be studied simultaneously to improve the understanding of such patterns [2]. Based on this argument, we consider that the eutrophication process drives the spatial and temporal patterns in coastal lagoons, affecting the trophic state of the lagoon, which in turn exerts effects on the species richness, such as the mangroves, the flora and fauna of the waterbody, and the green areas, among others The understanding of spatiotemporal patterns of variations depends on the scale at which patterns are observed [2,3,4,5], which should include driving forces, impacts, processes and responses, to be properly addressed for the sake of the development of environmental management systems [6].
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