Abstract
Despite the advantages of flywheel energy storage, including low cost, a long life-cycle, and high reliability, the flywheel hybrid vehicle (FHV) has not yet been mass-produced because it usually uses two transmissions, one for the engine and the other for the flywheel, which leads to cost, packaging, and complexity concerns. In this paper, a novel power-split flywheel hybrid powertrain (PS-FHV) that uses only one transmission is proposed to mitigate these issues. The proposed PS-FHV includes one continuously variable transmission (CVT) and three planetary gear-sets integrated with a flywheel, to provide full hybrid functionality at any speed, which leads to high fuel economy and fast acceleration performance. To prove and verify the PS-FHV operation, the system was modeled and analyzed using a lever analogy to demonstrate that the system is capable of performing power distribution and regulation control, which are required for hybrid driving modes. Using the derived model, PS-FHV driving was simulated to assess the feasibility of the proposed system and estimate its performance. The simulation results confirm that the PS-FHV is a feasible system and that, compared to hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), it provides comparable fuel economy and better acceleration performance.
Highlights
The flywheel energy storage system (FESS), which stores energy in the form of rotational kinetic energy, has advantages when used in hybrid vehicles
Being a more cost effective hybrid system than the hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) [3,4]. Another characteristic of the FESS is that the FESS is capable of high power transfer because of the direct power transfer performed in the form of inertial torque
Based on the lever analogy, the kinematics of each planetary gear used in the PS-flywheel hybrid vehicle (FHV) is obtained as Thefollows: PS-FHV uses three planetary gear systems (PGSs) and one continuously variable transmission (CVT); its kinematics derivation process is complex
Summary
The flywheel energy storage system (FESS), which stores energy in the form of rotational kinetic energy, has advantages when used in hybrid vehicles. Powertrain is essential to perform all hybrid operations, previous studies [10,11] added additional degrees of freedom by adding a transmission. The two-mode flywheel hybrid, introduced by General Motors (GM), includes five clutches and one developed added to the engine-CVT [15].clutched. Proposed by the University of Eindhoven with the addition of a PGS and a FESS in a conventional These two categories of FHV face technical problems. PS-FHV is 3-DoF is expected to have full hybrid operation modes which makes engine operation as efficient as the HEV. The and dynamics model of the PS-FHV is analyzed and, using the result, its system DoF and controllability result of the PS-FHV operation are compared with other vehicle powertrain systems to show that the is proven. The result of the PS-FHV operation are compared with other vehicle powertrain systems to show that the PS-FHV is a promising
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