Favorable effects of ezetimibe alone or in association with simvastatin on the removal from plasma of chylomicrons in coronary heart disease subjects

Abstract

ObjectiveReductions on the clearance from plasma of chylomicrons are associated with atherosclerosis. Statins improve the removal from plasma of chylomicrons in a dose dependent manner. There is controversy whether ezetimibe modifies the plasma clearance of chylomicrons. Effects of ezetimibe alone or in combination with simvastatin were compared with low and high dose of the latter, upon the kinetics of a chylomicron-like emulsion in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Methods25 CHD patients were randomized for treatment with ezetimibe 10 mg (group 1) or simvastatin 20 mg (group 2) with progression to ezetimibe + simvastatin 10/20 mg or simvastatin 80 mg, respectively. Kinetic studies were performed at baseline and after each treatment period of 6 weeks. The fractional catabolic rates (FCR) of the emulsion labeled with 14C-CE and 3H-TG, that represent respectively chylomicron remnant and triglyceride removal, were calculated. Comparisons were made by ANOVA. ResultsThe 14CE-FCR in group 1 were 0.005 ± 0.004, 0.011 ± 0.008 and 0.018 ± 0.005 min−1 and in group 2 were 0.004 ± 0.003, 0.011 ± 0.008 and 0.019 ± 0.007 min−1 respectively at baseline, after 6 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05 vs. baseline, and 6 vs. 12 weeks). The 3H-TG-FCR in group 1 were 0.017 ± 0.011, 0.024 ± 0.011 and 0.042 ± 0.013 min−1 and in group 2 were 0.016 ± 0.009, 0.022 ± 0.009 and 0.037 ± 0.012 min−1 at baseline, after 6 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05 vs. baseline, and 6 vs. 12 weeks). There were no differences between groups in time. ConclusionBoth treatments increased similarly the removal from plasma of chylomicron and remnants in CHD patients.