Abstract
Accretion and maintenance of lean body mass, because of its fundamental role in health and disease, continues to be an area of intense investigation. By using sophisticated tracer isotopic methods, organ balance techniques, and molecular analysis of tissue samples in humans and animal models, a detailed analysis of the signaling pathway and metabolic fluxes has been possible. Despite these, understanding the regulatory mechanism of nitrogen/protein accretion and maintenance of lean body mass in vivo continues to be challenging. This is particularly difficult because of the adaptation of metabolism to various modifying influences, and because of the multiple levels of regulation in vivo. Yet, by careful studies, a number of investigators have systematically examined the influence of diverse modifiers on the physiology of protein synthesis and breakdown in humans in vivo.
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