Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify and profile the fatty acids present in the Phaseolus species using an online Osiris server software. Phaseolus species (pinto beans, lima beans and kidney beans) were bought in King’s market, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria and were air -dried and ground. The Association of Official Analytical Chemists protocol were used for proximate; mineral analysis was done using atomic absorption spectrophotometer; extraction of oil was done using Soxhlet apparatus and the extracts were characterized using gas chromatography mass spectrophotometer and identified compounds were screened for their chemical properties using online Osiris server. The oil extract for pinto beans revealed fatty acids in increasing order of percentage quality: Myristic acid, octadecenoic acid, stearic acid and palmitic acid. Identified fatty acids in kidney beans were in decreasing order of palmitic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid and capric acid. Lima beans had highest palmitic acid and arachidic acid the lowest. However, from the results of all the Phaseolus species, linoleic acid was found only in kidney beans with quality of 11.87%. The identified fatty acids showed high toxicity properties and they exhibited negative drug-likeness. The chemistry of the identified compounds all showed that they exhibited various chemical properties. In conclusion, this study had revealed the presence of fatty acids in the selected food crops and their various chemical profiles have been discovered
Highlights
The nutritional benefits of food crops are of immense benefits to humankind and it has been well documented the various physiological functions performs in the body by consumption of various classes of food ranging from leguminous, cereals and pulses, vegetable inclusive
The varieties of Phaseolus species viz. pinto beans, lima beans, and kidney bean were purchased in a local market in Akure in Ondo State, Nigeria in April 2020
It is worthy to mention that the fatty acids identified all showed negative values for drug-likeness such as stearic acid (-25.216) and linoleic acid (-25.561) which is an indication that they are not drugs and their toxicities have been evaluated
Summary
The nutritional benefits of food crops are of immense benefits to humankind and it has been well documented the various physiological functions performs in the body by consumption of various classes of food ranging from leguminous, cereals and pulses, vegetable inclusive. Among the metabolites responsible for many health benefits are the fatty acids which can be classified as essential and non-essential fatty acids. Health benefits of both essential and non-essential fatty acids and their various presences in food crops have been enumerated. Phaseolus species have been researched and found to be nutritionally rich both in protein, crude fibre, crude fat and fatty acids such as linoleic acid, stearic acid and host of others. Graham and Ranalli (1997) has reported that there are over four hundred species of Beans world-wide. The lipid content of Phaseolus vulgaris L. is low but rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals and carbohydrate. The lipid content of Phaseolus vulgaris L. is low but rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals and carbohydrate. (Graham and Ranalli, 1997; Shimelis and Rakshit, 2005; Costa et al, 2006; Anton et al, 2008; Montoya et al, 2008; Gathu and Njage, 2012)
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