Fatty Acid Composition in Intramuscular Lipids of Experimental Scaly Crossbreds in 3-Year-Old Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

H Buchtová,M Kocour,M Křížek,J Velíšek,Z Svobodová,F Vácha

doi:10.2754/avb200776s8s073

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the composition of fatty acids (in % of total fatty acids investigated), their total contents and ratios (n-6/n-3) in intramuscular lipids (IML) of three experimental scaly groups of carp (pure line PS: Přerov scaly carp, hybrid PS × M72: Přerov scaly carp × Northern mirror carp, hybrid PS × ROP: Přerov scaly carp × Ropsha scaly carp) in comparison with the mirror carp control group (hybrid M2 × M72: Hungarian mirror carp × Northern mirror carp). Compared with the controls (M2 × M72), fat content in meat of experimental groups of carp (PS, PS × M72, PS × ROP) was practically the same (p > 0.05). The highest fat content (89.8 ± 1.94 g kg-1) was found in meat of PS × ROP hybrids. Composition of fatty acids in IML was not influenced to any large degree by a hybrid type or by gender. The only exception was the IML of PS × ROP hybrids which, compared with controls (M2 × M72) and PS × M72 hybrids, contained significantly (p < 0.05) more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAsum). Higher content of oleic acid (PS × ROP: 54.94 ± 0.70%) in carp fat was manifested by higher monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAsum) values (PS × ROP: 64.20 ± 0.57%). IML of PS × ROP hybrids contained 6.99 ± 0.20% of linoleic acid and 0.53 ± 0.02% of arachidonic acid. Contents of α-linoleic acid (PS × ROP: 0.86 ± 0.09%), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (PS × ROP: 0.69 ± 0.09%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (PS × ROP: 0.35 ± 0.02%) were low and influenced the PUFA n-6/n-3 ratio (PS × ROP: 3.25 ± 0.18). From this point of view, the IML of carp groups in this experiment constituted a relatively minor source of PUFAn-3 (PS × ROP: 2.39 ± 0.09%).

Highlights

From the human nutrition point of view, the most important group is polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAn-3) (Anonymous 1994)
Okuyama et al (1997), who investigated fatty acid metabolism in mammals in their study, believe that the most important from the point of view of the prevention and occurrence of certain chronic diseases is the evaluation of the n-6/n3 PUFA ratio
They concluded that excess linoleic acid (C18 : 2n-6) and elevated n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in tissues result in over- and unbalanced production of lipid mediators related to arachidonic acid (C20 : 4n-6)

Summary

Introduction

From the human nutrition point of view, the most important group is polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAn-3) (Anonymous 1994). Sufficient quantities in human nutrition, and especially the presence of the essential of-liPnUolFeAninc-3 sum fatty acids acid 3), eicosapentaenic acid (EPA) (C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenic acid (DHA) (C22:6n-3), have a positive effect on human health (Steffens 1997). Qualitative and quantitative composition of fatty acids (and PUFA in particular) in fish diet affects fatty acid composition in lipids contained in body tissues. S74 diet (marine phytoplankton) with their high EPA and DHA contents increases PUFAn-3 levels in muscle tissue of marine fish. Natural diet of freshwater fish (freshwater algae, crustacea, aquatic larvae of insects) contains predominantly PUFA with 18 carbon chains (Csengeri 1996; Steffens 1997)

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